Research Progress on the Impact Mechanism of Gut Microbiota on Osteoporosis and the Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic disease that causes bone loss and microstructure degradation. The gut microbiota is the biggest microbial population in the human body and is considered the second largest human genome. Its encoded genome quantity is more than 150 times that of the human genome. With the further development of gut microbiology and in-depth research on gut microbiota (GM), we have found that changes in gut microbiota are closely related to changes in bone mass and microstructure. In this review, we elucidate several potential mechanisms of the microbiota gut bone axis, including endocrine hormones, immune regulation, gut microbiota metabolites, and gut permeability. A brief summary is presented on the beneficial therapeutic benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine in correcting gut microbiota imbalance, which improves bone metabolism and promotes osteoporosis. Propose novel research ideas for osteoporosis prevention and treatment objectives, tactics, and mechanisms that might become new targets for preventive or therapy.